Resources
Want to learn more about topics such as non-animal models, bioethics, animal law, and cancer?
Below you can find resources that you can start your learning journey with.
European Animal Research Association: NAMs
New approach methodologies (NAMs) are used in research as potential alternatives to animals and are progressively reducing and replacing animal use when feasible. Examples include human cell-based studies, which have been used in research since the early 1950s, and more cutting-edge methods such as patient-derived organoids, organ-on-a-chip and computer modelling.
The European Commission's roadmap towards phasing out animal testing for chemical safety assessments
Developed in response to a European Citizens’ Initiative and built on a commitment to preserving the integrity of safety evaluations, the Roadmap sets out objectives and steps for the transition from traditional testing methods to innovative non-animal approaches.
3R Centre Finland
The 3R principles of animal-usage in research and education are: Replacement, Reduction & Refinement.
FIN3R actively collects and distributes up-to-date information about methods, technologies, practices, and strategies to replace, reduce and refine animal studies in research and education. This will reduce the use of animals and improve their welfare while enhancing the reliability and reproducibility of research. The use of animals will be limited to such projects in which the desired results are impossible to achieve by any other scientifically reliable method or testing strategy.
The Helsinki Animal Law Centre brings together researchers working on the legal status and protection of animals. Animal law at the Centre is approached from several directions at once: researchers at the Centre work on both Finnish and European animal protection law as well as do comparative work across jurisdictions. Many also engage in theoretical and philosophical questions involving questions such as animal status, fundamental rights and rhetoric. Members of the Centre also teach animal law at the Faculty of Law.
Helsinki Animal Law Centre: HALC
Faculty of Law - University of Helsinki
Logos-ensyklopedia: Biologian filosofia, Tero Ijäs (in Finnish)
Biologian filosofia on tieteenfilosofian osa-alue, joka on keskittynyt tutkimaan biotieteiden teorioita, menetelmiä ja käsitteitä. Osalla biologian filosofiasta on läheinen yhteys teoreettiseen biologiaan, sillä molemmat tutkimusalat pyrkivät selvittämään, mitä biologian perustavanlaatuiset käsitteet merkitsevät ja miten niitä tulisi käyttää. Parhaiten tämä on nähtävissä evoluutioteoriaa, sen oletuksia ja sovelluksia koskevassa keskustelussa, johon myös filosofit ovat merkittävästi vaikuttaneet. Lisäksi biologian filosofiassa on tutkittu muun muassa biotieteiden erityispiirteitä verrattuna muihin tieteenaloihin, perinnöllisyystieteen käsitteellistä kehitystä ja biologisen luokittelun perusteita.
Nature Review: Engineering signalling pathways in mammalian cells
In this review, types of pathway engineering, such as cross-kingdom pathway transplantation (like the transfer of the whole bacterial two-component signaling pathway into the mammalian cells for transcription induction), recombination of native pathway components (like reprogramming pro-survival EGFR-signaling to pro-apoptotic signaling) and combining both, are described. Some interesting perspectives, like engineering of photosynthesis in mammalian cells are discussed as well.
